Searching for My Pakistani Identity

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This post was also published on Racialicious.

It started off funny. I was at the mall buying a birthday gift for a friend of mine and, as usual, the store manager was friendly and conversational. After she took a good look at my gift, the following conversation took place:

    MANAGER: Aww, is this for your girlfriend?

    ME: She’s not my girlfriend.

    MANAGER: That’s an awful lot of money for just a friend.

    ME: (smiles) Well, maybe you can lower the price for me.

She laughed as she scanned the item through. Another customer approached the counter and waited patiently. She decided to chime in:

    CUSTOMER: Ooh, you’re buying gifts!

    ME: (smiles) Yeah, it’s for my friend’s birthday.

    CUSTOMER: Aww, that’s so romantic, your girlfriend is going to Love it.

    ME: She’s not my girlfriend.

    CUSTOMER: Hmm, maybe she’s a special friend!

I laughed at how both of them were teasing me while I waited for the manager to package the gift. The manager was really helpful that day, so I asked her if there was a number I could call to give her an “outstanding” customer service rating. She showed me the number on the receipt and thanked me for asking. As the manager wrote her name on the receipt, the customer waiting in line caught me off guard with an unexpected question:

“What country are you from?”

For some reason, the question struck me in an odd way, as if it triggered an alarm in my head and sprung forth countless things I’ve been ruminating about over the past few weeks. It wasn’t a new question at all. I have brown skin; it’s easy to notice, so I understood. People ask me where I’m from all the time, but it was different now. Almost immediately, I thought about the current crisis in Pakistan, I thought about the corrupt Pakistani president Asif Zardari, I thought about the Taliban taking control of Swat Valley – a beautiful place that I visited once – and I thought about the U.S. drone attacks in Pakistan and my sheer frustration with Obama’s foreign policy. Even though it only took me about two seconds to respond, I still had more thoughts and feelings swell inside me. I feared that disclosing my nationality would disrupt the friendly interaction I had with the manager and customer. I worried that their response would be offensive or ignorant and that I would go home feeling like an “outsider.” It was too late for that. And it wasn’t their fault.

“Pakistan,” I said slowly with an unfamiliar discomfort in my voice.

I was shocked at the way I responded, it sounded like I was ashamed of it. I noticed the shift in her body language when she replied with a simple, “Oh.” It was the typical response I usually get after I tell people I’m Muslim. An awkward silence followed before she politely said, “cool.” Again, it was nothing new to me, but when I nodded and forced a weak smile, I suddenly felt the urge to leave. I left quickly after the manager handed me the gift. “It’s ok” I told myself as I heard the fast paced rhythm of my shoes walking on the marble floor, “they didn’t say anything wrong.” I thought about the possible conversation that took place behind me. Maybe they said something ignorant. Maybe they didn’t say anything at all. Maybe they had negative thoughts about Pakistan, maybe they didn’t. Maybe they wondered where it was on the map. Whatever they said or thought didn’t matter. What mattered were the countless thoughts that surfaced in my mind.

As I walked to the other side of the mall, my memory traveled back to January of 2008. Former Pakistani Prime Minister, Benazir Bhutto, had been killed in late December and it was the hot topic for a while in the mainstream media. I was on my way out of a post office one afternoon, minding my own business, when an older man smiled at me and placed a hand on my shoulder. “Are you Indian or Paki?” Caught off guard by the random question and his use of the word “Paki,” I smiled at the silliness of the question. “Umm, I’m Pakistani…” I said. The man’s face turned grim. “Shame on you!” he growled. Since there were so many things I was going through at the time, my grief reached a point where I couldn’t even get angry anymore. I laughed instead. “Excuse me?” I asked. He threw his hands in the air, “Your country is a mess! You guys are killing your leaders and your women!” You can’t be serious, I thought to myself. I couldn’t believe I was standing in a post office and listening to a man flipping out on me just because I’m from a certain part of the world.

I stood my ground and called him out on his ignorance. I told him he was generalizing about me, as well as the people of Pakistan. I also told him that it wasn’t fair for him to treat me as if I had control over what country I’m from. He apologized, “I’m sorry, you’re right. See, you’re good because you’re here. You’re good because you’re an American.” Right. Typical “melting-pot” remark. Let’s mix everyone together, cut them off from their culture and heritage, and give them one identity: American. “So what about my family members who live in Pakistan?” I asked him. “Are they ‘bad’ since they’re not American?” He replied, “Well they should come over here.” Yeah, like that’s a piece of cake. And besides, what’s up with the assumption that people living in the Muslim world want to come to the United States (or any Western country)? He apologized again and then asked, “Are you Muslim?” Oh boy. “Yeah,” I said. Before I know it, he was going on about Christianity and how democratic values are also Christian values, so Muslims could benefit a lot from Christians. I tried to enlighten him about Islam, coexistence, and how we’re all created by God, but it didn’t seem like he was receptive to what I was saying. He ended up making an insensitive remark about Muslims standing at the end of the line in the afterlife. He was trying to be funny. I couldn’t stay there. I shook my head, “whatever.” As I walked out the door, I heard him say “Ah, I’m just kidding!”

I had to disengage from the conversation because it brought back memories of something that happened to me in the summer of 2007. I was working a part-time job in the photo lab at CVS Pharmacy. I Loved my job, which is why the managers always called me first whenever they needed help. It was a really happy time in my life, I had friendly relations with my co-workers, and I was really good with customers. We were incredibly low on help that day though and at one point, I was the only person on register. The line only got longer and longer, and eventually, a cranky customer started swearing at me for moving too slow for her. I ignored it at first, but then she cursed at me again and told me that I “shouldn’t work here.” I explained that we were short on help and I politely asked her to stop cursing at me. It only made things worse. “Who the f*** are you to tell me to stop talking?!” she shouted.

Finally, my manager rushed back to the front of the store. He couldn’t help but notice the angry customer and her friend. “What’s the problem here?” he asked. Before I could answer, the customer pointed at me and said, “You better watch out for this kid otherwise he’s going to blow up the store.” I froze in utter disbelief. I felt the anger rushing through my blood and then I broke out, “What did you say?! Are you judging me by the color of my skin?! Why did you say something like that?!” She shouted back, “man, just do your f***ing job!” My manager intervened and told me to take a break. I listened and began to the break room, but I heard the customers talking behind me, “if he’s going to wait for us in the parking lot, we can take him! There’s two of us.” I was so outraged and furious. I turned around and said, “Who’s talking about violence here?” She said I threatened her first because I told her to “stop talking.” I shook my head, “No, I told you to stop cursing.” My manager stepped in between me and the customers. He pushed me back, as if I was going to hit the customers or something. “Just stop,” he said to me, “Just ignore them.” The customer’s friend stepped forward and said, “F*** you, terrorist!” I was so angry that I just stormed out of the building and drove home. I was notified a week later that I was terminated because the incident “created a problem” for the store and I was supposed to “bite my tongue” just like the “company policy” expected all employees to (how I handled the case, with the help of CAIR, is another discussion!).

I reflected on these two experiences as I walked out of the mall with my friend’s birthday gift. When I started my car, I sat and spaced out for a while. I thought about how my past experiences sometimes make me so tense and uneasy whenever non-Muslims ask about religious and/or ethnic background. With the current crisis in Pakistan, I worry that the ignorant and offensive remarks will only get worse, but amidst all the politics and personal fears, I am also bothered immensely by how distant I am from my ethnic background.

The next morning, I stood in front of the mirror and felt so unusually distraught. I stared at my brown skin, my black hair, my half-Kashmiri and half-Punjabi nose; I thought about my suburban-American accent and my inability to speak Urdu and Punjabi fluently. I felt a mismatch, like I was some kind of cheap import. I felt fake and counterfeit. I thought about all the times I see older South Asians working at local stores and feeling terrible for speaking to them in English when I could be speaking in Urdu or Hindi. When I walk away, I always wonder if they’re thinking, “oh the kids in this country forget their culture and their language, it’s such a shame.” In South Asian culture, we always refer to elders as “Auntie” and “Uncle,” so whenever I see elderly South Asians, I want them to know that they are “Auntie” and “Uncle” to me. Sometimes, it feels like my skin color and name are the only Pakistani things about me. What does it mean to be Pakistani? I can put on my shalwar kameez (traditional South Asian dress) and attend a South Asian event on campus, enjoy the music, dances, and food, but does that make me Pakistani? What do I know about Pakistan – the history, the culture, the people, the great mystics, thinkers, and leaders of the past, or even the politics? Although I’ve made attempts to re-connect with my Pakistani identity in recent years, I feel that current events (as well as things I’ve observed in other Pakistani-Americans) have caused me to turn inward again in efforts to attain a richer understanding of what my ethnic identity really means to me.

I was born in Lahore, Pakistan. My father’s family descends from Kashmiris who migrated to Lahore, and my mother’s family is Punjabi. Although I’ve never experienced what it’s like to live in Pakistan (since my family moved to the United States shortly after I was born), I’ve stayed there on long visits. The first time I visited Pakistan was in 1999 and I remember hating it. The bumpy roads, the crowded traffic, the poverty, the pollution, the electric cutting out randomly – it all made me miss the United States. At the time, as a 15 year-old, I admit that I felt better than everyone else because I was an American citizen. When I returned to the U.S., I would tell my White non-Muslim friends how proud and grateful we should be to live in America. Like many other Pakistani-Americans that I knew at the time, I made fun of Pakistani/Indian music, culture, language, accents, and dress. I associated all of those things with my parents; it had nothing to do with me. I was American.

I went to Pakistan again in 2000 for my Uncle’s wedding and my opinion of the country didn’t change much. I still thought it was backwards and uncivilized, although I remember seeing something that struck me as oddly positive. On our way to the wedding, a truck accidentally hit one of our party’s cars. The respective drivers – complete strangers – got out and shook hands! Then, we invited the truck driver to the wedding! That was something I don’t ever recall seeing in the United States. Still, I longed to leave Pakistan, so much so that I couldn’t even appreciate the fact that my Uncle’s wedding lasted for three days (as opposed to the typical single-day weddings I would see in Hollywood films). I couldn’t appreciate the decorations, the dancing, the beautiful South Asian dresses, or the immense amount of preparation that went into it all. I regret that now.

It wasn’t until I visited Pakistan in early 2002 when I really learned to appreciate it. As many of my friends know, 2002 was a special year for me. It was the year I discovered my inner voice. I remember sitting in the car while the driver navigated us through the busy traffic of Lahore and without warning, a question struck me in such a profound way. The question didn’t come from someone, it came from within: I asked myself, “Why do you hate this place so much?” I stared out the window and saw people walking with their spouses, children, and friends. They were going somewhere. To school, to work, to buy something, to have fun with their friends – every day activities that my friends and I would do except in a different part of the world. This place was home to them. “This is where you were born,” I said in my thoughts, “This place is in your blood.” It helped that I had a great time with my family that year too, but I also believe that these questions didn’t come to me randomly or without meaning. For the first time, when I left Pakistan, I was sad. Sure, I was happy about going home and seeing my friends again, but I also felt like I didn’t get enough of a chance to explore more, i.e. explore more about myself.

Since it was post September 11th, I was already experiencing a lot of hostility and prejudice in my predominately White non-Muslim high school because of my religious background. When I returned from Pakistan, classmates and teachers asked a lot of ignorant questions. Questions like: “Why do they have weird names?” or “Are they Taliban?” or “Don’t they hate America?” The most insulting one probably came from my friend’s mom, “Are they very pro-bin Laden over there?” I told her that Osama bin Laden was the last thing on my mind when I was there and I also added that she should visit Pakistan some time since it’s a beautiful place. As a result of my new appreciation for Pakistan, I started to become more religious and spiritual. It was the first time in my life when I read the Qur’an on my own free will and it was the first time I prayed without anyone instructing me to do so. It was a very special turning point in my life since I began to contemplate religion and spirituality in ways that I never did before, but what I didn’t realize was that my attempts to become a better Muslim actually distanced me from my ethnic identity rather than compliment it. In actuality I was doing something that many young Pakistani Muslims do these days: I was trying to be Arab.

Over the years, I’ve found that discussing Pakistani identity is quite problematic and controversial at times because it’s often perceived as “religion versus culture.” Generally speaking, we Pakistanis try to distance ourselves from India as far as possible because we think India is synonymous with Hinduism, therefore “kuffar” (nonbelievers/infidels). It’s silly actually considering that (1) India has the third-largest Muslim population in the world and (2) prior to the partition in 1947, Pakistan was part of India; therefore the similarities in culture, dress, food, and language are inescapable. In any case, many Pakistani Muslims in America cut themselves off from India and Indian culture in pursuit of an “authentic Muslim” identity, which happens to point to the Middle-East. In other words, we take on a pseudo-Arab identity.

So many times, I’ve heard fellow Pakistani Muslims saying that we should abolish culture completely because there is no culture in Islam. We’re Muslim and that’s it. I bought into that for a while. “Yeah, we Pakistanis watch too many Bollywood movies,” I would say, “We have girls dancing at our weddings, that’s not Islamic!” As I condemned Pakistani culture, I didn’t realize that I was adopting another culture: Arab culture, or at least what I perceived to be “Arab culture” (saying “Arab culture” is inaccurate since the Arab world is filled with diverse cultures, religions, and dialects, it can’t be narrowed down into “one culture”). In my freshmen year of college, I would wear my keffiyeh (traditional Arab scarf), drive around blasting Arabic music, and making enormous efforts to learn Arabic. To give you an idea of how much I studied Arabic, I can put it like this: my Arabic pronunciation is much better than my Urdu and Punjabi pronunciation. I don’t regret learning the amount of Arabic I know now; I admit that it helps understanding your prayers a lot better, but I feel a tremendous amount of shame when I make pathetic attempts to speak Urdu. When I throw in some Arabic phrases when I meet Arab-speaking people, they smile and tell me how good my accent is. When I try to speak Urdu with South Asian friends and family, they laugh because they can hear it mixed with my American accent.

I became discouraged when I saw the same Pakistani Muslims who despised culture taking dabkeh lessons (folk dance of Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, Jordan, and Iraq), smoking hookah, or wearing thobs (traditional Arab dress for men), as if there wasn’t anything cultural about those things. They would also rebel against the South Asian pronunciation of their names and pronounce them the “correct Arabic” way. It dawned on me that we weren’t getting rid of culture; we merely getting rid of South Asian culture – our culture. As Fatemeh Fakhraie writes in her brilliant article, “The Arabization of Islam:”

What is troublesome about all this is that most Muslims who are non-Arabs complain that they’re not seen as Muslims because they’re not Arab (or ethnically Middle Eastern, in some cases). But when non-Arab Muslims take Arab names or wear Arab clothes under the guise of “Islamic authenticity,” we’re all reinforcing the idea that we’re not really Muslims unless we have some link to Arab culture.

I have seen many Pakistanis Muslims using Arabic words like “akhi” (brother), “ukhti” (sister), “wallahi” (I swear to God), and even non-religious words like “yanni” in their conversations. There’s nothing wrong with this, but if they inserted Urdu words instead of Arabic words, they wouldn’t be taken seriously. Why? Because we don’t take Urdu seriously. The only time we’ll use Urdu is to be funny. It’s like, “haha, you sound like a FOB!” The only time we’ll use Urdu in a serious manner is when we’re speaking to elders (because it’s an “older people” thing, right?). Speaking Arabic, on the other hand, is taken seriously and even makes you look like a better Muslim. We attribute more religiosity to Muslims who can give khutbahs or speeches with “proper Arabic pronunciation.” Even at the recent CAIR event I attended, one of the guest speakers was a South Asian Muslim woman who made sure she pronounced every Arabic word and Muslim name “correctly,” as if not doing so would lower her credibility. It was interesting because I didn’t hear any of the Arab speakers pronounce Pakistan correctly (they said “Pack-istan” rather than “Paak-istaan”), and yet you see young South Asian Muslims striving to pronounce Arabic correctly.

But it’s not just pronunciation that’s changing. Words are changing and being replaced too. The best example is how the Urdu phrase, “Khuda hafez” (God be with you), has been replaced with “Allah hafez.” They both mean the same thing, but thanks to the growing influence of Salafi movements among Sunni Muslims in Pakistan, the use of “Khuda hafez” became gunah (sinful). “Khuda” comes from the Persian word for God (pronounced “Khoda” in Farsi), but since Arabic is taught to be the “Muslim language,” it has been replaced with “Allah hafez.” I remember, on one of my trips to Pakistan, I heard some of my relatives say, “don’t say ‘Khuda hafez,’ it’s gunah! Say ‘Allah hafez.’” As Pervez Amirali Hoodbhoy elaborates:

Persian, the language of Mughal India, had once been taught as a second or third language in many Pakistani schools. But, because of its association with Shiite Iran, it too was dropped and replaced with Arabic. The morphing of the traditional “Khuda hafiz” (Persian for “God be with you”) into “Allah hafiz” (Arabic for “God be with you”) took two decades to complete. The Arab import sounded odd and contrived, but ultimately the Arabic God won and the Persian God lost.

And of course, there’s nothing wrong with saying “Allah hafez.” I say it now and then, but why are we labeling “Khuda hafez” sinful? Is one “more Islamic” than the other? Have Muslims forgotten that God teaches logic and reason? Does it make any sense that God can only understand Arabic? The same kind of propaganda was used against those who followed Jesus, peace be upon him, when they were told that Angels could only speak Hebrew and not Aramaic. Consider this Qur’anic verse:

“Call upon God, or call upon the Merciful; by whatever name you call upon Him (it is the same), to Him belong the most Beautiful names.” (17:110)

Avoiding the use of “Khuda hafez” is also an example of how Salafi Muslims strive to abstain from biddah, or innovation, which in turn explains their strong opposition towards culture. Subsequently, we see Salafi Muslims seeking to purge Sufism (Islamic mysticism) out of Pakistan. The Sufis are Islamic mystics, who do not see Sufism as a separate sect of Islam, but rather an inclusive and necessary mystical dimension of Islam that explores one’s inward journey for God, self, and Divine Love. The Sufis often express their Love for God and the Prophets through music, dancing (notably whirling meditation), and Divinely-inspired poetry. Conservative Muslims perceive this as “Indian Islam” and accuse the Sufis of committing biddah and even shirk (associating partners with God), even though the Sufis, like all Muslims, don’t worship anyone else besides God. Qawwali music, for example, is a Sufi musical style of South Asia, but since Salafi Muslims condemn music, many Pakistani Muslims don’t learn to appreciate Qawwali for what it is. I remember one of my dad’s Pakistani co-workers was sitting in my car and he heard me listening to Qawwali music. He said to me, “man, why are you listening to this? You’re not supposed to sing about Allah in songs, that’s a sin.” I couldn’t help but think about the times I sat in his car and heard him listening to hip-hop music with excessive profanity and pornographic lyrics – he’s telling me that listening to Qawwali is sinful? This is just an example of how deep the conservative Salafi brainwashing is on Pakistanis. As is evident from my father’s friend, the conservative teachings even affect those who aren’t as vocal about their Muslim identity. As Sufi Muslims teach to be accepting of others, I’ve often found that conservative Muslims tend to be more about conformity, and this is a huge problem because it’s not only an attempt to pull us away from ethnic identity, but it’s also a way of “infidelizing” Sufi Muslims or anyone else who doesn’t agree with Salafi interpretations of Islam.

Recently, I gave a Pakistani cricket jersey to a friend of mine who became Muslim earlier this year and a couple of Pakistani Muslims in their mid-twenties made silly remarks about the jersey. They said, “We should get him a shirt that says ‘Islam.’” I felt like responding, “If he wore a shirt that said ‘Free Palestine,’ you wouldn’t say anything, right?” And it’s true, we see Muslims – both Arab and non-Arab – wearing Palestinian keffiyehs or “Free Palestine” shirts in the Mosque and no one makes an issue about it. No one accuses them of being more cultural than religious.

The little secret about us Pakistani Muslims is that we like when people mistaken us for Middle-Eastern. We get all flattered. Really? You thought I was Arab? Wow, thanks! But when people ask if we’re Indian, we respond in disgust. The first time I noticed this difference was in college when my professor felt like bashing on Muslims one day (she was one of the most Islamophobic teachers I’ve ever had). She asked, “Where are all my students from the Middle-East?” She immediately looked at me because she knew I was Muslim. “I’m actually from South Asia,” I said, “but thanks for the compliment.” Smile. I said that in defense of Middle-Easterners since there’s such a negative perception of them in the media (and also because Middle-Easterners get lumped together with Muslims). About a week later, I remember asking a non-Pakistani girl if she was Pakistani, and she responded with disgust, “No! I’m not! Why does everyone always think I’m Paki?!” Well, excuse me, I didn’t mean to offend you. I mean, ew, Pakistani? Who wants to be Pakistani? Ask us if we’re Palestinian, Lebanese, Egyptian, or even Iranian, and we’ll totally be cool with that. Why? Because we don’t want to look like Pakistanis. We don’t want to look like what we are.

The “Arabization” of Islam has gotten to the point where religious scholars from immensely popular Islamic websites like SunniPath.com teach that Arab Muslims are superior to non-Arab Muslims and that praying behind Shia Muslims will invalidate your prayer! If Malcolm X was Pakistani, he’d have a lot to rip into us about. On one hand, we have Pakistanis completely emulating the images and behavior they see in Western pop culture and on the other, we see Pakistani Muslims trying to behave Arab in order to “authenticate” their Muslim identity. Either way, we’re distancing ourselves from our Pakistani and/or South Asian roots. Where did all of this internalized racism and self-hatred come from? Malcolm X was Muslim, but he also taught African-Americans to be proud of their roots and heritage. Why can’t Pakistani Muslims do the same? When bombs fall on Gaza, Pakistani Muslims throw on their keffiyehs, pump their fists in the air, and chant “free Palestine,” but where are they for Pakistan? Now, our country is in trouble. There are U.S. drone attacks killing innocent Pakistani civilians in tribal areas. The Taliban have taken control of Swat Valley, imposed their oppressive Taliban law, and destroyed over 200 schools, mostly girls’ schools. Did you read that? Good. Read it again. According to Tariq Ali, Pakistani author of “The Duel: Pakistan on the Flight Path of American Power,” the majority of Pakistanis are not only anti-Taliban and anti-extremism, but 70% of them perceive the U.S. as the greatest threat to peace in Pakistan. Will we Pakistani Muslims in America start educating ourselves about Pakistan or will we do what most of the Pakistanis at my Mosque do when I tell them the latest news from Pakistan: shrug their shoulders, shake their heads, and simply say “yeah it’s crazy”?

I have always told people (and myself) that I am Muslim first. I still say this, but it doesn’t mean that I can’t be appreciative or proud about being Pakistani. I am not encouraging fellow Pakistanis to support the Pakistani government – that’s not what I’m suggesting at all since the government is absolutely corrupt. What I am encouraging is that we care about the country we come from as much as we care for the country we live in. As Tariq Ali writes, the people of Pakistan cannot be blamed for the failure of their politicians or the recent violence that is unfolding. I am not saying we shouldn’t learn Arabic either. I still want to learn Arabic, I still wear my keffiyeh to represent the Palestinian people, and I still listen to Arabic music, but not at the expense of forgetting my South Asian heritage.

I try to make as many efforts as I can to brush up on my Urdu and Punjabi, and I also read about the history of Pakistan and India. I know all humanity descends from Adam and Eve (peace be upon them both), but why do I have to ignore the people in between? I am not ashamed of my Buddhist, Hindu, or possible Jewish (many Kashmiris claim to be one of the ten lost tribes of Israel) ancestry. I embrace that. Why should we ignore the great mystical poetry of Amir Khosrow, Mirza Ghalib, Bulleh Shah, and Allama Muhammad Iqbal? Why should we ignore the beautiful architecture of Shah Jahan (he built the Taj Mahal)? I remember when I was listening to a Qawwali song by the legendary Pakistani singer, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, I felt like I was reconnecting with a missing part of me. I would constantly listen to his beautiful wailing and hear so many emotions being expressed: Love, yearning, pain, sorrow, grief, joy, and happiness. “This is the voice of my soul,” I would think to myself, “this is that other side of me that I have forgotten.”

drawsohnimahiwalThe last time I went to Pakistan was in 2004 and it was the first time I visited the country with respect and appreciation. I hope to visit again someday. I often wonder if the country will recognize me as the child of its land or as some tourist just passing on by. I know I stand out when I go to Pakistan. It’s in my body language, the way I walk, the way I speak, but all that doesn’t matter to me because I know that I am striving to re-connect. I know I am making an effort. I would like to revisit the Tomb of Jahangir in Lahore to reflect on the timeless history. I want to see the city of Muree again and enjoy the beautiful mountains. I want to visit the Sindh and let my heart mourn with the tragic Love story of Sohni and Mahiwal (depicted left). I would like to visit Mohenjo-daro, one of the largest cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization. I would like to trace my ancestry, visit Kashmir and then India.

I am a Pakistani who has grown up in the West and I know that my experiences may be completely different from what people in Pakistan experience, but it still hurts me to see what is happening in Pakistan today. I still care. It hurts even more when I see such a strong anti-Pakistani sentiment in the United States. Discussing Pakistani politics is another blog post, but I would like others to know that Pakistan is a beautiful place filled with a rich culture that is struggling to survive amidst Westernization and heavy Salafi influences. I find hope in the fact that the majority of Pakistanis are strongly against the Taliban and the corrupt politicians governing them.

Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, said in his last sermon: “All humankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over a black, nor a black has any superiority over a white- except by piety and good action.” The Prophet would not have addressed this issue if there weren’t noticeable differences among human beings. As the Qur’an says: “Another of His signs is the creation of the heavens and earth, and the diversity of your languages and color. There truly are signs in this for those who know” (30:22). There is also this famous verse: “O people, we created you from the same male and female, and rendered you distinct peoples and tribes, so that you may know one another.” (49:13)

In closing, I would like to share that as I wrote this reflection on Pakistani identity, I found myself asking, “Why is Pakistan so important to me?” I responded simply: I was born there. Many of family members are there. My ancestry is there.

Those answers suffice for me.

Khuda hafez

~Broken Mystic~

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34 Comments

  1. April 19, 2009 at 3:18 am

    [...] before, but it’s been a while. I couldn’t help but think about my most recent note, “Searching for My Pakistani Identity,” and how I mentioned feeling bad for not speaking Urdu/Hindi with South Asians. And yesterday, a day [...]

    • nalini said,

      April 26, 2009 at 1:31 pm

      this is beautiful, thank you for sharing the depth of your experiences, living in the heart of Western imperialism and retaining your soul. you’re an inspiration.

  2. SouthAsian said,

    April 26, 2009 at 1:17 pm

    You may wish to take a look at the blog The South Asian Idea. Many aspects of the South Asian identity and history are explored there. It aims to generate conversations like the one you have started and to arrive at better understandings by sharing experiences and opinions.

    http://thesouthasianidea.wordpress.com/

  3. sai said,

    April 26, 2009 at 6:04 pm

    Thank you for sharing this. I think that you are amazing, and wish you all the best.

  4. brokenmystic said,

    April 26, 2009 at 6:19 pm

    Thank you all for your beautiful and encouraging comments. They really mean a lot!

  5. Janavi said,

    April 26, 2009 at 7:21 pm

    Beautiful.

  6. Manas Shaikh said,

    April 26, 2009 at 8:58 pm

    This was a good read. Thanks.

    The exclusionists (that’s what I prefer to call them than Salafi or any other name. I have met good men in Salafi circles) really irritate me. Because

    1. They can’t accept that they could be wrong
    2. They disdain every other opinion
    3. When they are right, they spoil that by being arrogant.

    Maybe they are right in some matters, but they certainly are wrong in certain other matters, and it is important to understand that all of us tend to make mistakes. That mistakes must be accommodated and forgiven. That’s the precondition for brotherly love.

    I am an Indian, but I hope Pakistan survives and prospers. Both spiritually and in this world. InshaAllah.

    • brokenmystic said,

      April 27, 2009 at 2:44 am

      Thank you, Manas. I agree with you that there are good and well-intentioned individuals who self-identity as Salafis. You make great points about the “exclusionists” (as you’ve termed them) and I think we’ve all had those kind of experiences before.

      I’ve always believed that Islam teaches to be accepting of others rather than imposing our beliefs on others. When guidance turns into arrogance, we run into many problems which can lead to negative consequences.

      Thank you for your comment and your prayers. Salaam brother.

  7. Manas Shaikh said,

    April 26, 2009 at 8:59 pm

    A comment did not show for some reason.

  8. Sagar said,

    April 26, 2009 at 10:34 pm

    “In actuality I was doing something that many young Pakistani Muslims do these days: I was trying to be Arab” – its the same thing across non-Arab Muslim populations. It’s sad to see all the culture being stripped away. What a great loss to humanity it will be if these people succeed. Very well written

    • brokenmystic said,

      April 27, 2009 at 2:46 am

      Thanks for your comment, Sagar :) This whole movement to purge culture out of Islam is really disheartening. Let’s pray for the best for Pakistan.

  9. tanya said,

    April 27, 2009 at 1:44 am

    Wow! Very interesting post! On the Pakistani-American side of things – well, it is a very old, old story that you can see in the literature and music of all the immigrants before you. Take strength in thinking of the millions before you and today going through the same thing, Muslim, Christian, or Jew. Learn more about American history and immigrants, and you will feel more a part of it. The very people who discriminate against you today are the descendants of people who were discriminated against themselves. It is not an easy question, that’s for sure.

    On the Pakistani-Arab thing – it is soo true, and the saddest thing is to feel squeezed from the West on one hand and the Arabs on the other hand.

    Finally, on the part about why would anyone from Muslim countries want to go to any Western countries? well, they are emigrating in droves, so that’s just the sad truth.

    End point: be proud of both your heritages: Pakistani and American

    • brokenmystic said,

      April 27, 2009 at 2:52 am

      Thanks Tanya! It’s true that we’re all immigrants when you really think about it. What’s unsettling is that anti-Islamic sentiments in the United States have gotten worse since 9/11. This was discussed at a recent CAIR banquet as well as a Muslim leadership conference. There’s still a lot of work that needs to be done.

      In regards to why Muslims would want to come to the West, I was talking about my experience at the post office when the man said that my family in Pakistan should “come over here” as if it’s a piece of cake. I think his assumption that certain members of my family *wanted* to come to the West — after spending their entire lives in Pakistan — was ignorant. I have family members in Pakistan who were born and raised there. Their friends are there, their memories are there, their ambitions are there, etc. It’s really arrogant to assume that other people want to come to the West without considering these challenging struggles that they have to endure.

  10. tanya said,

    April 27, 2009 at 2:51 am

    By the way, in my knee-jerk American way, I have to say, I am so sorry you are discriminated against here, but have you any, any idea how even Pakistani Christians are discriminated against in Pakistan? It ain’t no bed of roses over there either, and perhaps you yourself don’t understand that much about your homeland…just try googling it….unfortunately, there are ignorant a**holes in every country and every religion.

    • brokenmystic said,

      April 27, 2009 at 3:06 am

      Tanya,

      Remember in my post when I said that my frustration and grief got to the point where all I could do was laugh? Well your comment triggered another one of those laughs for me.

      *sigh*

      First of all, you don’t need to apologize for something that you never did. No American (and we Muslims are American too, don’t forget) should apologize for something that other Americans committed. It’s like expecting every White Christian to answer for Timothy McVeigh’s horrible crimes.

      Second, the issue of Pakistani Christians is completely irrelevant. I tell this to a lot of people, but *please* don’t make comparisons when it comes to discrimination. This is not oppression olympics. Many people have brought that issue up when I speak about my personal experiences as a Pakistani-American Muslim and I just find it really ignorant. It’s almost like it’s an attempt to discredit my experience. Speak about the issues individually. This post is about the Pakistani-American Muslim experience; it’s not about what’s happening with the Pakistani Christians.

      It’s like this: If a Muslim guy gets beaten up in a hate crime in the United States, imagine his friends patting him on the back and saying, “hey man, non-Muslims get discriminated in Muslim countries, I don’t know what to tell you.” See how utterly ridiculous that sounds?

      And since you brought it up, let me share something that you probably never heard about. I have Pakistani Christians friends, not just from school, but also through family friends. They have grown up in Pakistan and I asked them several times if they experienced discrimination in Pakistan and they said no. There are certain areas where Pakistani Christians are discriminated against, but since we in the West have such a poor and limited understanding of Pakistan (geographically, religiously, and politically), we think that the entire country is like that.

      Anyway, bottom line is that I would rather not have this discussion deviate into another direction. What happens to Pakistani Christians in Pakistan has NOTHING (BOLD, UNDERLINE, ITALICS, ALL CAPS) to do with the discrimination and ignorance I’ve experienced in the United States.

      Peace!

  11. Gurjit S. Cheema said,

    April 27, 2009 at 4:22 am

    Thank you, that was a really lovely piece. I enjoyed reading it; it seemed to come straight from the heart. I’m South Asian too – Indian – and we have our own identity problems too! Khuda Hafez!

  12. Ebad said,

    April 27, 2009 at 3:44 pm

    An important piece and well written piece! thank you!

  13. Chiara said,

    April 28, 2009 at 1:31 am

    The computer ate my opus :( (and may still vomit it back up ;) ).

    An excellent post that raises so many issues, some of them typical of all children of immigrants raised in 2 cultures, and of visible minorities. You seem to be handling insightfully the particular challenges of being a “brown looking” young man in the US post-9/11, and a Muslim as well. You have had some particularly negative experiences, and yet responded appropriately.

    I research about and teach on cross-cultural identity and cross-cultural medicine. The point of my teaching based on theory and research studies (by others) is that one can be happily and healthily a blend of 2 cultures, which is in fact preferable for the bicultural by birth or family, as long as the identifications with each culture are strong and largely positive.

    In another vein, although you may not agree with all of his views, Tarek Fatah the Pakistani-Canadian journalist and founder of the Canadian Muslim Congress writes and speaks passionately about recognizing South Asian Muslims and that not all aspects of Arab culture are also Islamic. You can google him, if you are interested.

    Your ability to narrate your experiences, thoughts and feelings at a variety of ages is a real asset to yourself and others. Your 15 year old self had me laughing at so many other 15 year olds doing the same in a variety of countries around the globe, and of course being as opposite their “weird” parents as possible, although for them at the time it is all exquisitely painful.

    You have a real talent, and I wish you the best in your ongoing journey of identifications.

    Thanks for bringing my attention to your blog and this post via Aafke’s blog from whence I came.

    All the best

    Chiara

  14. seema said,

    April 30, 2009 at 8:46 am

    It is a nice article dealing with skepticism and cofusion one faces at reaching one’s identity. Being a south asian would not be so good but if you are buddhist you will be recognized as a peacemaker, if indian as an indulgent competitor coming up fast and if Pakistani – worst – as trouble mongers, agressive people if not as terrorist. People dont like to mix up with you, tend to avoid and keep distance with you even if they do not show their direct repulsion of your identity.

    It is something which ha developed recently for your generation – a post Afghan war syndrome we can call it. people have their biases against us, governments cajole us and authorities scorn us. Perhaps we are the most persecuted race of our times as many a times in history jews have been.
    We are perhaps deteriorated to Shudra of Muslims that not only non-Muslims but Muslims also hate us..non-english speaking envy us for our proficiency in English and many other are jealous recognizing us to be hardworking, intelligent and efficient people in quite contrast to their expectations. to their utmost disappointment they even find us social, friendly and very tolerant. It fuses them off…in their personal egotism they refuse to give us respect…but we are neither afraid nor disappointed. We belong to one of the oldest civilization of the world which is attacked, looted and plundered hundred times but always emerged as more successful and powerful a race after each attack. Start at Aryans and finish at British…history has lot to teach.
    We know we are the fifth largest population, resourceful and hopeful, god fearing believers and one of the few nations having nuclear power…we have scientists and minds working all over the world. Each rigor of time is a test for believers and we will pass this test InshaAllah with grace.
    The victory belongs to us and is not far away.
    The times to come will witness.
    Arabs are in self glory of their newly founded material wealth and it is the tradition that the culture of materially affluent is followed…so we don’t care who follows whom. If you know your roots …you know your way home. Everything returns to its origin is nature’s principle. And I hope and I pray many of us will find that truth by the help of Allah. We do not defy any culture and respect diversity because it is the order of nature and that is the only mantra of success. Follow divine order.

    May Allah bless you with the right vision and to look straight in heart of matter. Amen!

  15. Nyle said,

    May 2, 2009 at 12:03 am

    Hey man, excellent article. You really put those ideas down that many of us Muslim-Americans and especially Pakistani-Americans have been feeling. I thought you would be interested in checking this out:
    http://www.myspace.com/thekominas
    This is my brother’s band. He is part of a Muslim Punk group, which in many ways deals with these exact issues of identities. One of the driving forces about them is their anger at American Islamophobia AND the conservatism in their Islamic community (which is often manifested by the “arabization” of Muslim-American communities). Check it out and appreciate it.

  16. iAmbiguous said,

    May 9, 2009 at 2:25 pm

    Being born and raised in UAE, I too have always had a bit of identity crisis, shall we say. I have always had difficulty blending in with Pakistanis because I apparently don’t think or talk like them. Although I wish I could be a part of my own people, it always seems a struggle to fit in.

    The Arabs in general would never accept me as one of their own either, considering the fact that I am not fluent in Arabic, unfortunately. However, I make merry of being a Pakistani and (try to at least) feel proud of where I am from.

    One such instance I recall was when I was travelling to Turkey to study. A girl was travelling by the same flight so I started a conversation since I am quite the talker. The girl was part Turkish and part Egyptian; quite sophisticated and wel mannered. She forgot to ask where I was from though. So during the flight she did inquire about my nationality. I asked her to guess to which she failed (since I look like an Arab but my English has an American-ish accent but I told her I didn’t speak Arabic).

    Finally she asked for a hint to which I said: What country to most of the world’s terrorists come from? Obviously she was like “PAKISTAN!” and I was beaming as if that was a compliment! It is always funny how this clue has worked almost everytime! Mind you, I was hiding my green passport when in Turkey :P

    Great post!

  17. brokenmystic said,

    May 9, 2009 at 2:47 pm

    iAmbiguous,

    Thanks for your comment. It’s unsettling that people know our country as the place where “most terrorists come from.” I’m not sure that I understand why you ask that question since it only reinforces negative stereotypes. There are beautiful things about Pakistan and I think it’s better if we disassociate ourselves from terrorism, especially considering that the majority of the country is against it.

  18. rupa rao said,

    June 4, 2009 at 12:35 pm

    thank you, that was very well written… i really enjoyed it… the bit about trying to b more arabic cleared up some questions in my head about some friends…

  19. majnun said,

    June 12, 2009 at 2:15 pm

    Sabr always bro.

  20. ~ OS ~ said,

    June 17, 2009 at 6:39 am

    Oh. My. God.

    Dude. I totally just spent an hour writing you an email reply to this post on my hotmail, and accidentally clicked backspace. My page went back and THE WHOLE THING WAS LOST. THIS IS WHY I STOPPED USING HOTMAIL!!!!!!!! ( Gmail automatically saves everything you write as a draft).

    I am beyond annoyed right now. Sub7anAllah. I had so much to talk about with you regarding this post, brother! For once I actually felt like I was stimulated and wanted to wax intellectual! Sub7anAllah.

    AAAAAAAAAAAAARGH!! I need to yell :P

  21. August 1, 2009 at 1:13 am

    Hi

    When I was googling accidentally I hit upon your blog. Many of your feelings touched my heart. In Media India and Pakistan are treated as arch rivals and whole of india is treated as anti muslim, which is definitely not true as many religions co exist peacefully in India. Except for politically motivated attacks in both countries normal people dont have any hatred towards others. Personally I am lover all religion having a feeling that god is one and all religions are different paths to reach him. In Sanskrit language there is a saying “Ekam sath, Vibrah bahuta vadathi” meaning Truth is one and Learned people call it by different names. One day I hope earth as a whole will create a single identity when we receive threat from alien planets. Till such time let us fight ;-) .

  22. Just another "Paki" said,

    August 16, 2009 at 9:57 am

    Assalaamu ‘alaykum (yeah no “AOA” abbreviation!),

    From what you wrote I’m sure many pakistanis living in the west experinced this. Myself, growing in France, shared many of your thoughts once, and it is the feelings of many overseas that they are neither from “here” (the adoptive country) nor from “there” (pakistan). It gets even “worse” when you can’t speak urdu properly, or you look-like an indian,etc…and only religion attaches you to something, and all the praise is to Allah.

    But through the years after having faced many apparently “harsh” experiences due to my background, I can say it is a blessing in disguise for a muslim. One is relatively ‘free’ of any “extreme patriotism” (like those pakistanis who say they’re “pakistanis first” and see no problems in allying with Israel for economical reasons, their role model being Attatürk), also from any “superficial religion”: as you would be aware for many pakistani they don’t know what they read in prayers or in the qur’aan, yet insist on the religious festival that have no basis in shari’ah (“milaad-e-nabawi”, “chalismaan”,etc…).

    You’ve stated you learnt arabic, good. It is true it is more motivating to know arabic than urdu, because of reading the qur’an with proper tajweed, with good accent, thus following the prophet [saws] more closely.

    Now considering the religious problems you face:

    As for your “salafi” problems, I’d say they are right in some aeras and not in some others. You see there are always good and bad in certain groups, and you should look to take the good and leave the bad. SOme groups are definitely not to be frequented (shi’as) because of our fundamental differences with them.
    As for music, it indeed has been forbidden by the prophet [saws], his companions, and nearly all the ‘ulama that followed them (for a detailed response kindly read: http://www.al-inaam.com/fataawa/music_detailed.htm ).
    And it is sad the same people that forbid you to listen to qawwali themselves listen to hip-hop, yet they are also humans and you should know that nahyi ‘an il munkar (preventing the evil) is the responsibility of every muslim, even if he’s sinning himself, otherwise only the prophets (alayhimus salaam) would fit the job as they were the only to be sinless.
    Saying “Khuda hafez” is not bid’a, you can say whatever you want, but as you know our salafis brothers refer to scholars who are indeed too strict in some matters and they have some sort of “hard” (shidda) positions.
    As for the race issue, it is true no muslim is superior to another but by the level of taqwa, yet generally, the muslims are divided into tribes that are, in general, more superior to others because of certain parameters. This is what is considered when a guy marries a woman who his not her “kuffu” or equal, her wali (guardian) can, in some circumstances, cancel the nikah. You may also read this article: http://www.al-inaam.com/library/kafaat.htm

    Now it is very true many youngsters, apparently “rediscovers true islam” and reject as a whole Pakistani culture, the “pakistani” (or rather hanafi) way of practising Islam, etc… it is their right for the former but with the latter they need to be more cautious. Either they become “extremists” (in the lingual sense) or they affiliate to “modernism” so in both case they do their own ijtihad yet they oftne go astray.

    Look, Allah [swt] has to test us in some ways, the real pakistanis are tested with “classical” problems like being honest, no back-biting, etc… now we must also have our own egos to confront and have to stay on the good path.

    Ok I think I wrote nearly as much as you, thanks for reading but you should face your wordly difficulties with courage, as it says “What does not kill you, makes you stronger”, ratehr try to impose your way of life and be proud to be what you are. It is not easy but this will also boost your religion and your personality.

    OK take care, and rabbi ma’ak uhmm I mean Khuda Hafiz :) .

    Btw I didn’t reread what I wrote so sorry for mistakes, typos,bad english,etc…

    • brokenmystic said,

      August 28, 2009 at 2:32 pm

      Um, how did you assume that I am not Shia? Even if I’m not, your attitude towards other Muslims is condescending. And I suggest you read the history of Abdel-Wahab before you defend the Salafi movement. The Wahabis were considered extremists by most Muslim scholars at the time. Like most extremist factions, the Wahabis would have faded away, but the Al-Saud family asked the Wahabis to fight for them. In return, the Saudis would make Wahabism the state religion. That is why the country is called Saudi Arabia; and since Saudis fund other Muslims schools and Mosques in countries like Indonesia and Pakistan, the Wahabi influence is immense. Even our Sunni Mosques in the US are negatively influenced by the Wahabi ideology.

      Don’t tell me what is haram, halal, biddah, shirk, or whatever. Faith is personal; leave it between me and Allah. This attitude you have comes from the Wahabis and you don’t even know it. Read your history.

      And keep your anti-Shia rants off my blog. Thanks.

  23. Sidra said,

    January 27, 2010 at 1:12 am

    Hey I know exactly where you’re coming from…I felt exactly this way 5 years ago. As a teenager, I wore hijab and I was super religious…did not go to qurankhanis (BIDAT), birthdays (BIDAT), movies (HARAM! NONMEHRAMS!), or even have a cd player (EVERYTHING BUT ‘DAFFS’ ARE HARAM!). Living in a society with everyone having divorced parents and sleeping around on the weekend and smoking weed, I liked my religion, it gave my life a sense of calm and order. My entire life was the masjid. But really, I had no close friends. I was friendly but too “by the book” for all the other people. I mean, many girls did do hijab and were active in the masjid, but they would still go to movies, and text guys all night. Anyway when I went to Pakistan for an extended period, I realized that wearing hijab did not make women any more safer or more protected. In fact, it turned the guys into even bigger perverts. The areas where women were covered up to the extreme were the areas where it was especially unsafe for women. Even in Islamabad, my cousin had some guy rub up against her and she was wearing full abaya…i later learned that this isn’t even something unusual there. I couldn’t even walk on the outside portion of the sidewalk bc my cousin said guys come by on their motorcyles and slap girls boobs. So it is really a disturbing society, and considering that I was in a “posh” area of town, it makes me wonder how much the imposition of artificial barriers between men and women messes up a place. It is related to Islam, but it also happens anywhere where there is artificial separation enforced ex. in areas with Orthodox Jews, very strict Mormons, etc. So now I have this dilemma….I really don’t like the religious view of gender segregation…seeing it in place has shown me that it makes men just go for other boys and children…however, the “modern” way with people just hooking up and feeling empty and washed up at 30 doesnt appeal to me either. Still don’t know what the “ideal” is in this regard. The funny thing is we idealize Islam thinking it’s our culture but any Pakistani with a name like Rajput, Janjua, Chauhan, Toor, etc has definite HINDU ancestry because these are the names of Hindu Kshatriya clans. So I started respecting Hinduism a lot more, because if it wasn’t for some ancestors of mine converting, definitely we would be Hindu today.

  24. shahid.saleem said,

    February 18, 2010 at 1:18 pm

    hi, what i can tell all of u ? guss pls shahidsaleem2009@yahoo.com

  25. shahid.saleem said,

    February 18, 2010 at 1:19 pm

    hi I tell u some good news shahidsaleem2009@yahoo.com

  26. mark piet said,

    December 17, 2010 at 11:53 am

    fuck with separative thoughts in da blood clot of their membrane
    branding will never stop for colors and names
    camping will never stop for da sense of belonging

    I dont belong to anyone’s branding or camping
    not in the eyes of old racial cultured eyes who say
    we are this bloodline of such and such, so be such

    I dont belong to anyone’s branding or camping
    not in the eyes of modernised political eyes who say
    we are this ideal of such and such, so be such

    I dont belong to anyone’s branding or camping
    I dont speak the way they speak cos I am what?
    I dont think the way they think cos I am what?

    I am Islam. I be Islam. I am here as Islam.
    When everything is lost, I still have Allah to live for…
    I am Islam. I shall die as Islam. Kill me if you can.

    i like ur blog. cool. God bless u, not your corporeal self, but you inside the body – who is consciously readin this text – who r u who read this?

    PS : what race is Adam?… eskimo? greek? jamaican?… In da future, when all da races in da world got mixed up thro DNA of marriages, da future kids will become ONE type of race – the Adam race, which actually is a NO race, back to the prototype, n it will be boring to watch em cos there is no more ‘multiplicity in unity’ – ergo da curtain must fall in Qiyamah.

  27. Arfa from Pakistan said,

    April 16, 2012 at 6:16 pm

    Assalam-o-alaikum!

    I’m a sixteen year old girl . I was born and grown up in Pakistan. And I am very hopeful for our future- speaking up as a representative of Pakistan youth. Even though the rest of the world may think us terrorists or Talibanized whatsover… we are hopeful because some changes take time to cause a revolution..we are fighting, and will fight in the future -with weapons none other than education and hard work- to make our way towards a brighter future…

    I admit many of our leaders are not doing what we’d have liked, but maybe one of us can lead us tomorrow, right?

    I admit innocent people are being killed in drones and suicidal attacks, but it will stop one day InshaAllah…

    For you, I just have one thing to say, “Always be proud of what you are and who you are…” what other people think does not matter.. YOU should be sure of yourself… that you are right.

    Always proud to be a Pakistani and a Muslim,

    ~Arfa


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